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Mr. Gordon J. Wallis in his post “Knot in a muscle’ raised very important topic and it seems that members expressed variety of opinions. Considering the importance of the subject I decided to open separate discussion and put everything in the scientific perspective.
There are two types of 'knots' you may experience in your practice.
First is called hypertonus and it is usually associated with active trigger point(s). The correctly used trigger point therapy protocol will be able to completely eliminate this abnormality. The second type of the 'knots' is called myogelosis and it is irreversible degeneration of the muscle fibers you feel like 'marbles' in the tissue.
The core of myogelosis will stay with your clients for the rest of the life if it is already formed. However by itself it is usually painless if there is no direct pressure applied to it. At the same time uncontrolled myogelosis is very painful and responsible for a lot of tension because core is direct cause of the neighboring hypertonuses to form around it. This drives your clients crazy.
By the way incorrectly applied Trigger Point Therapy in the form of senseless application of pressure without finding the Entrance into the Trigger Point, using Compass Technique, Stop and Go Approach etc. is directly responsible for the excessive damage of the muscle fibers in the area of hypertonus and later formation of the myogelosis there.
If readers would like to learn how hypertonus, trigger point and myogelosis form, how to differentiate and diagnose them as well as how to treat them correctly using scientifically sounded protocol of Trigger Point Therapy please read our three part article on Trigger Point Therapy in
March/April: http://scienceofmassage.com/dnn/som/journal/0903/toc.aspx
May/June: http://scienceofmassage.com/dnn/som/journal/0905/toc.aspx
July/August: http://scienceofmassage.com/dnn/som/journal/0907/toc.aspx
2009 issues of Journal of Massage Science. This article will answer ALL of your questions in every detail.
If you read the article and need any clarifications you may post your questions here and I will be happy to answer them.
Sincerely Dr. Ross Turchaninov
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I hear you, Gordon. You are saying, I think, that if it is painful, work to remove it. If it isn't painful or otherwise troublesome, best course may be to leave it alone.
Gary, the nearest I palapate to what you describe is on the thigh, as in cellulite, these nodules do skid away a quarter inch as you describe, otherwise, heck, I don't know.
And your are right about the squerming of the hypertonic tissue, if you try to pin with just one thumb or digit it'll get away from you, use two digits/thumbs, slightly either side, then as you sink the tissue cannot escape eg lateral fbers lower traps.
I'll say this Gary your palpation skills are way ahead of most at your stage of learning. Hats off to ya.
Gary W Addis said:
I find these in many bodies I've worked on, incl my fellow students--and they in turn find them on me. They are about the size of a small person's fingernail or smaller, they roll around even before pressure is applied. Light effleurage can reveal them if the practitioner is paying attention. When pressed, they usually don't elicit pain--the mobile ones I'm talking about. Others of about the same size and density do feel somewhat tender, but the mobile one don't. If pressed lightly, after a few seconds they scoot away just enough to escape the pressure. In such cases i follow the mvmt but apply even less pressure to either side and slightly on the spot itself and after a minute or so it often dissolves.
The otehr kind I mentioned are not like bumps or knots at all, but along the length of a muscle, usually nearing its junction with other muscles. When I feel it begin to move I lighten pressure and stay right there till it flattens and relaxes, usually a couple of minutes. Before I learned to slow down and there was movement of the strand, the clients always reported that although he could feel the "jump", it wasn't painful.
Boris Prilutsky said:
Hi Gary.
you are saying:"When pressed, they scoot away a quarter inch."it is difficult for me to understand on what phenomenon we are talking about therefore cannot reply, but using the opportunity and given to the importance would like to repeat:"
often MTs proposing “diagnosis”: “you having muscle knots “ and “let me help you get rid of it”. Very often this kind of treatment and up with vigorous pressure on so called “muscle knots”. In most cases this “muscle knots “ is a new formations that of course bulging and therefore one can feel it under fingers. Just using the opportunity would like to remind to everyone that this is contraindicated to press against any new formations that of course bulging including but not limited to lipomas, any other tumors, cystic formation etc. let's keep in mind if one will decide to press against mentioned above formations one can cause irreversible as well very significant damages.
Best wishes.
Boris
Gary W Addis said:Boris, what I'm referring to is not bulging, but sorta like a mobile mouse beneath, or in muscle, not bulging above skin. When pressed, they scoot away a quarter inch.
Boris Prilutsky said:Hi Dr Ross.
To all what you have said I would like to add that often MTs proposing “diagnosis”: “you having muscle knots “ and “let me help you get rid of it”. Very often this kind of treatment and up with vigorous pressure on so called “muscle knots”. In most cases this “muscle knots “ is a new formations that of course bulging and therefore one can feel it under fingers. Just using the opportunity would like to remind to everyone that this is contraindicated to press against any new formations that of course bulging including but not limited to lipomas, any other tumors, cystic formation etc. let's keep in mind if one will decide to press against mentioned above formations one can cause irreversible as well very significant damages.
Best wishes.
Boris
Lucianna, it's my understanding that ischemia refers to lack of blood supply. In that sense a muscle knot could be ischemic because it certainly has lost appropriate blood flow. With compression techniques we deliberately create temporary ischemia in order to encourage the body to rush blood into the area when the compression is complete.
I do think that long-term isometric contractions are very damaging! Some of the worst cases involve people with their monitors too low, and people who talk by holding the phone between their ear and shoulder. Muscles are meant to have a rest phase and if they don't get it, it's trouble.
Gordon, I need to pay attention to when you post about TP's - I want to know too!!
Hi Therese,
we all had a bit of a ding dong over ishemic compression duration, over in joe muscolinos group http://www.massageprofessionals.com/group/joemuscolinotheartandscie...
and two camps seemed to evolve = those that favour long slow static, follow the melt, and those that argue the last thing a knott deprived of blood/oxygen needs is more depravation of blood/oxygen and insist the on off repeated deep stroking is best.
Now that long static holds (average 3 mins) are being "recommended" by scientific researchers in the new field of fascia research I believe that those favouring longer holds are actually more involved with rectifying fascial constrictions than blood/ishemic ones.
IMO it is always best to consider your massage (eg TP work) as having effects on fascial mechanisms because every technique you use on any human body will be effecting fascia in some way. This is yet to be fully recognised and acknowleged by the many treatment manuals and protocols that will need to be re written:)
Therese Schwartz said:
Lucianna, it's my understanding that ischemia refers to lack of blood supply. In that sense a muscle knot could be ischemic because it certainly has lost appropriate blood flow. With compression techniques we deliberately create temporary ischemia in order to encourage the body to rush blood into the area when the compression is complete.
I do think that long-term isometric contractions are very damaging! Some of the worst cases involve people with their monitors too low, and people who talk by holding the phone between their ear and shoulder. Muscles are meant to have a rest phase and if they don't get it, it's trouble.
Gordon, I need to pay attention to when you post about TP's - I want to know too!!
Lucianna,
You are completely correct that prolonged isometric contractions are more damaging to the muscles than isotonic contractions. A lot of isometric contractions which are associated with everyday job is one of the major reason for the formation of active trigger points.
Dr. Ross Turchaninov
Lucianna Johnston said:
So, I'm on Part I and am enjoying this information. So, what I have just read (just for my clarification) is that long term static isometric contraction is more damaging to the muscle's resting contraction than isotonic contractions (bank teller v. construction worker)..so this is why I see so much damage from someone who is at the computer all day right? Have you had much experience with sherrif's/correctional officers etc? I believe they also would have a static isometric contraction in their ES group from the work belts they wear correct? They all develop hypertonic muscles on the right side of their back which appears in the same way as the postural pattern of mild scoliosis. Also, I want clarification on the term ischemia. When you are talking about Local Ischemia are you referring to the site of the trigger point? In my understanding up to now I have referred to the hardened muscle "knots" as ischemia...is that correct?
Gordon,
This is a questionable statement. What you described as a treatment option transfers active trigger point into latent or sleeping state with activation in the future despite of initial improvement you may observe. Insufficient compression as well as excessive compression of the tissue in the area of the active trigger point are equally responsible for the formation of the core of myogelosis there.
Dr. Ross Turchaninov
Gordon J. Wallis said:
After you get through all your training and exams.. I will tell you how to remove trigger points easily using only light fingertip pressure, without actually working the trigger point itself.
Gary W Addis said:
I hear you, Gordon. You are saying, I think, that if it is painful, work to remove it. If it isn't painful or otherwise troublesome, best course may be to leave it alone.
Stephen,
You are completely correct when saying that 3 min compression is harmful. It is unacceptable way apply ischemic compression. One minute and some cases even less is more than enough. Unfortunately this recent idea of slow stroking instead of ischemic compression doesn't have any scientific data and we will shortly discuss it in the next issue of Journal of Massage Science
Dr. Ross Turchaninov
Stephen Jeffrey said:
Hi Therese,
we all had a bit of a ding dong over ishemic compression duration, over in joe muscolinos group http://www.massageprofessionals.com/group/joemuscolinotheartandscie...
and two camps seemed to evolve = those that favour long slow static, follow the melt, and those that argue the last thing a knott deprived of blood/oxygen needs is more depravation of blood/oxygen and insist the on off repeated deep stroking is best.
Now that long static holds (average 3 mins) are being "recommended" by scientific researchers in the new field of fascia research I believe that those favouring longer holds are actually more involved with rectifying fascial constrictions than blood/ishemic ones.
IMO it is always best to consider your massage (eg TP work) as having effects on fascial mechanisms because every technique you use on any human body will be effecting fascia in some way. This is yet to be fully recognised and acknowleged by the many treatment manuals and protocols that will need to be re written:)
Therese Schwartz said:Lucianna, it's my understanding that ischemia refers to lack of blood supply. In that sense a muscle knot could be ischemic because it certainly has lost appropriate blood flow. With compression techniques we deliberately create temporary ischemia in order to encourage the body to rush blood into the area when the compression is complete.
I do think that long-term isometric contractions are very damaging! Some of the worst cases involve people with their monitors too low, and people who talk by holding the phone between their ear and shoulder. Muscles are meant to have a rest phase and if they don't get it, it's trouble.
Gordon, I need to pay attention to when you post about TP's - I want to know too!!
After you get through all your training and exams.. I will tell you how to remove trigger points easily using only light fingertip pressure, without actually working the trigger point itself.
Gary W Addis said:
I hear you, Gordon. You are saying, I think, that if it is painful, work to remove it. If it isn't painful or otherwise troublesome, best course may be to leave it alone.
I'm a day student. I begged an exception to the rule and got into the night NMT class because one afternoon during a volunteer event, with one touch Mike Smelser cured an ache I had been carrying for weeks. He knows his stuff and what more is enthusiastic about teaching it. My schedule is screwed up this quarter, both days and nights, but I'm certain I won't regret it.
I am proud to know all of you. In a sense all MTs are competitors. But I haven't come across any jealousies or deviousness, either online here on out in the world. Sorta like during my days in competition bodybuilding-- onstage we were enemies, but in the gym we were family, and would do anything to help one another. I am proud of my new profession. You're all winners.
Stephen Jeffrey said:
Gary, the nearest I palapate to what you describe is on the thigh, as in cellulite, these nodules do skid away a quarter inch as you describe, otherwise, heck, I don't know.
And your are right about the squerming of the hypertonic tissue, if you try to pin with just one thumb or digit it'll get away from you, use two digits/thumbs, slightly either side, then as you sink the tissue cannot escape eg lateral fbers lower traps.
I'll say this Gary your palpation skills are way ahead of most at your stage of learning. Hats off to ya.
Gary W Addis said:
I find these in many bodies I've worked on, incl my fellow students--and they in turn find them on me. They are about the size of a small person's fingernail or smaller, they roll around even before pressure is applied. Light effleurage can reveal them if the practitioner is paying attention. When pressed, they usually don't elicit pain--the mobile ones I'm talking about. Others of about the same size and density do feel somewhat tender, but the mobile one don't. If pressed lightly, after a few seconds they scoot away just enough to escape the pressure. In such cases i follow the mvmt but apply even less pressure to either side and slightly on the spot itself and after a minute or so it often dissolves.
The otehr kind I mentioned are not like bumps or knots at all, but along the length of a muscle, usually nearing its junction with other muscles. When I feel it begin to move I lighten pressure and stay right there till it flattens and relaxes, usually a couple of minutes. Before I learned to slow down and there was movement of the strand, the clients always reported that although he could feel the "jump", it wasn't painful.
Boris Prilutsky said:
Hi Gary.
you are saying:"When pressed, they scoot away a quarter inch."it is difficult for me to understand on what phenomenon we are talking about therefore cannot reply, but using the opportunity and given to the importance would like to repeat:"
often MTs proposing “diagnosis”: “you having muscle knots “ and “let me help you get rid of it”. Very often this kind of treatment and up with vigorous pressure on so called “muscle knots”. In most cases this “muscle knots “ is a new formations that of course bulging and therefore one can feel it under fingers. Just using the opportunity would like to remind to everyone that this is contraindicated to press against any new formations that of course bulging including but not limited to lipomas, any other tumors, cystic formation etc. let's keep in mind if one will decide to press against mentioned above formations one can cause irreversible as well very significant damages.
Best wishes.
Boris
Gary W Addis said:Boris, what I'm referring to is not bulging, but sorta like a mobile mouse beneath, or in muscle, not bulging above skin. When pressed, they scoot away a quarter inch.
Boris Prilutsky said:Hi Dr Ross.
To all what you have said I would like to add that often MTs proposing “diagnosis”: “you having muscle knots “ and “let me help you get rid of it”. Very often this kind of treatment and up with vigorous pressure on so called “muscle knots”. In most cases this “muscle knots “ is a new formations that of course bulging and therefore one can feel it under fingers. Just using the opportunity would like to remind to everyone that this is contraindicated to press against any new formations that of course bulging including but not limited to lipomas, any other tumors, cystic formation etc. let's keep in mind if one will decide to press against mentioned above formations one can cause irreversible as well very significant damages.
Best wishes.
Boris
Hi Dr.Ross.
Would like to add,that this recent idea of slow stroking instead of ischemic compression not only doesn't have any scientific base but also is a dangerous idea /phenomenon of pain inhibition that some viewing as a positive clinical outcome. This false "satisfactions" of some practitioners as well as by patients actually preconditioning clients to further pathology developments. Many time we can hear clients complaining that years they used to suffer from painful symptoms, and massage therapists have helped to get read of it, and now no one can help them.this kind of not adequate treatment of myofascial dysfunctions including but not limited to adequate TPT,fueling degenerative changes within spine,and other joints.excessive degenerative changes within spine, is not only expressing themselves by pain and sometime requiring surgeries but also disturbing normal functions of organs and systems that receiving innervation from this levels. I would say that everyone who deciding to treat people who suffer from skeletal muscular diseases should not simplify treatment to pain inhibition only. Honestly I believe that protocols including fascia/connective tissue massage, muscular mobilization,TPT. as well as post isometric relaxation techniques is a very simple to learn and understand as well as easy to perform techniques.One just have to spend some time to understand and to learn and then to take on themselves mission.
Best wishes
Boris
Dr. Ross Turchaninov said:
Stephen,
You are completely correct when saying that 3 min compression is harmful. It is unacceptable way apply ischemic compression. One minute and some cases even less is more than enough. Unfortunately this recent idea of slow stroking instead of ischemic compression doesn't have any scientific data and we will shortly discuss it in the next issue of Journal of Massage Science
Dr. Ross Turchaninov
Stephen Jeffrey said:Hi Therese,
we all had a bit of a ding dong over ishemic compression duration, over in joe muscolinos group http://www.massageprofessionals.com/group/joemuscolinotheartandscie...
and two camps seemed to evolve = those that favour long slow static, follow the melt, and those that argue the last thing a knott deprived of blood/oxygen needs is more depravation of blood/oxygen and insist the on off repeated deep stroking is best.
Now that long static holds (average 3 mins) are being "recommended" by scientific researchers in the new field of fascia research I believe that those favouring longer holds are actually more involved with rectifying fascial constrictions than blood/ishemic ones.
IMO it is always best to consider your massage (eg TP work) as having effects on fascial mechanisms because every technique you use on any human body will be effecting fascia in some way. This is yet to be fully recognised and acknowleged by the many treatment manuals and protocols that will need to be re written:)
Therese Schwartz said:Lucianna, it's my understanding that ischemia refers to lack of blood supply. In that sense a muscle knot could be ischemic because it certainly has lost appropriate blood flow. With compression techniques we deliberately create temporary ischemia in order to encourage the body to rush blood into the area when the compression is complete.
I do think that long-term isometric contractions are very damaging! Some of the worst cases involve people with their monitors too low, and people who talk by holding the phone between their ear and shoulder. Muscles are meant to have a rest phase and if they don't get it, it's trouble.
Gordon, I need to pay attention to when you post about TP's - I want to know too!!
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